Passive Modals of Obligation

Listen to four conversations using the grammar point.
Passive Modals of Obligation

Passive Modals of Obligation

Hear four conversations using this grammar point for free on elllo.org

Answer the following questions about the interview.

Passive Modals of Obligation

Point 1: Modals can take the passive tense. The object becomes the main focus, for the subject is not important.
  • The reports need to be edited.
    • We need to edit the reports.
  • These packages must be delivered today.
    • We need to deliver the packages today.
  • The employees need to be notified.
    • We need to notify the employees.
  • The staff needs to be paid.
    • We need to pay the staff.

Point 2: The passive infinitive uses the following pattern:

modal + to + be + past participle.

  1. The software needs to be updated.
  2. The chairs need to be brought in from outside.
  3. The dogs need to be fed.
  4. The dishes need to be put away.
Point 3: The particle ‘to’ is usually heavily reduced in spoken English.
  1. The lawn needs to be cut.
  2. The report needs to be printed.
  3. The data needs to be analyzed.
  4. The forms needs to be collected.
Point 4: The subject and the modal must use subject-verb agreement. The verb ‘be’ does not change form.
  1. The staff needs to be paid.
    The workers need to be paid.
  2. The dog needs to be fed.
    The dogs need to be fed.
  3. This has to be done today.
    These have to be sent today.
Point 5: Modals of obligation can be in the form of questions and negative statements.
  1. What cups needs to be washed?
    The red ones. The blue ones don't need to be washed.
  2. Do these packages need to be sent?
    No, they don’t need to be sent.
  3. Does the staff need to be paid?
    No, they don’t need to be paid.
Point 6: The modals of likelihood will, may and might can precede the modals of obligation need to and have to.
  1. Those may need to be wiped first.
  2. The tires might need to be inflated.
  3. The fruit might need to be washed first.
  4. She will need to be picked up at the airport.

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